MADHUKA (Flower)
Madhuka consists of flower usually without stalk or calyx of Madhuca indica J.F.Gmel. Syn. M. latifolia (Roxb.) Macbride, Bassia latifolia Roxb. (Fam. Sapotacem) ; a medium sized deciduous tree occurs in mixed deciduous forests throughout India, and also cultivated.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : Gudapuspa
Assamese : Mahua, Mahuwa
Bengali : Mahuwa
English : The Indian Butter tree, Mahawash tree
Gujrati : Mahudo, Mahuwa
Hindi : Mahuwa
Kannada : Hippegida, Halippe, Hippe, Hippenara, Madhuka, Ippa, Eppimara
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Irippa, Ilippa, Iluppa, Eluppa
Marathi : Mohda
Oriya : Mahula
Punjabi : Maua, Mahua
Tamil : Katiluppai, Kattu Iluppai, Iluppi
Telugu : lppa Puvvu
Urdu : Mahuva
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Drug consists of mostly corolla and androecium; corolla fleshy, reddish-brown, tabular, lobes 7-14 (usually 8-9), ovate lanceolate, short, erect 0.5-2 cm long; stamen 20-30 (usually 24-26), epipetalous and arranged in two series; anther sub-sessile, epipetalous, basifixed, lanceolate, pointed at tip and hairy at the back with prominent dark brown connective strand; taste, sweet.
b) Microscopic
Corolla – Petal shows a single layered epidermis, followed by thin-walled, irregularly shaped parenchymatous cells; vascular bundles found scattered in parenchymatous tissues.
Androecium – Anther shows 4 pollen chambers and prominent cells of connective tissue in the centre of the chambers; epidermis single layered covered with thin cuticle; a few unicellular hairs present on one side; endothecium composed of radially elongated, oval shaped, lignified cells; tapetum not distinct; pollen grains single or in groups, spherical, with clear exine and intine walls scattered in the pollen sac, a few cells of the vascular bundles are seen embedded in the connective tissues.
Powder – Dark brown; shows fragments of epidermal cells, unicellular hairs; round, brown pollen grains with clear exine and intine walls.
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 0.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 25 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 70 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
Moisture content Not more than 10 per cent, Appendix 2.2.9
CONSTITUENTS – Sugars
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Madhura
Guna : Guru
Virya : Sita
Vipaka : Madhura
Karma : Sukrala, Balya, Pittakara, Vatahara, Sramahara, Ahrdya.
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Madhukasava, Drakasadi Kvatha Curna, Eladi Modaka.
THERAPEUTIC USES – Svasa, Daha, Ksata, Ksaya, Trsna, Srama
DOSE – 10 – 15 g. of the drug.
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